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ECONOMY

Norwegian industrial confidence dips

As Europe's debt crisis intensifies, Norwegian industry has admitted its lowest expectations since the dire months after the credit crunch of 2008 spilled into 2009.

Norwegian industrial confidence dips
Photo: Erik Söderström (File)

A key industrial activity indicator, the Norwegian Purchasing Manager Index, was said by Fokus Bank on Thursday to indicate a steep fall from October of 1.6 points to 48.6 points in November. A reading below 50 points indicates contraction.

“This is foremost a fall in staffing and the order index being pulled down,” Fokus chief economist, Frank Jullum, said in a statement.

He said the development wasn’t all bad, as production numbers were up in the third quarter. He did warn, however, that orders alone were down almost three points since the start of October, and were at their lowest levels since autumn 2009.

For the export-driven Norwegian economy, the drop in orders points squarely at crisis-hit Europe and the slowing economic engine, China.

Despite bank-funding action from Europe on Wednesday that energized markets in mixed economies, Oslo's stock exchange slumped and opened flat on Thursday. The order dip suggests European banks focused on buying local debt and supporting the euro are not lending to customers buying high-capital Norwegian items.

China, normally a big buyer of Norwegian farmed fish, has turned away since the Norwegian Nobel Committee handed the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize to a dissident. Now, Chinese production has fallen for the first time in 32 months, the bank’s PMI figures show.

Lower orders of big-ticket goods from Norway — like ship and rig gear — could also fall, although the Norwegian government has promised cheaper export finance to back such orders.

The government acted swiftly (and some say hastily) to shore up orders for Norwegian wares, but may be too late to stave off a spike in unemployment. The Fokus Bank numbers also show the staffing index was down nearly three points to 44.7 points, a number the lender’s analysts believe suggest falling employment numbers for the rest of the year.

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ECONOMY

How is Denmark’s economy handling inflation and rate rises?

Denmark's economy is now expected to avoid a recession in the coming years, with fewer people losing their jobs than expected, despite high levels of inflation and rising interest rates, The Danish Economic Council has said in a new report.

How is Denmark's economy handling inflation and rate rises?

The council, led by four university economics professors commonly referred to as “the wise men” or vismænd in Denmark, gave a much rosier picture of Denmark’s economy in its spring report, published on Tuesday, than it did in its autumn report last year. 

“We, like many others, are surprised by how employment continues to rise despite inflation and higher interest rates,” the chair or ‘chief wise man’,  Carl-Johan Dalgaard, said in a press release.

“A significant drop in energy prices and a very positive development in exports mean that things have gone better than feared, and as it looks now, the slowdown will therefore be more subdued than we estimated in the autumn.”

In the English summary of its report, the council noted that in the autumn, market expectations were that energy prices would remain at a high level, with “a real concern for energy supply shortages in the winter of 2022/23”.

That the slowdown has been more subdued, it continued was largely due to a significant drop in energy prices compared to the levels seen in late summer 2022, and compared to the market expectations for 2023.  

The council now expects Denmark’s GDP growth to slow to 1 percent in 2023 rather than for the economy to shrink by 0.2 percent, as it predicted in the autumn. 

In 2024, it expects the growth rate to remain the same as in 2003, with another year of 1 percent GDP growth. In its autumn report it expected weaker growth of 0.6 percent in 2024.

What is the outlook for employment? 

In the autumn, the expert group estimated that employment in Denmark would decrease by 100,000 people towards the end of the 2023, with employment in 2024  about 1 percent below the estimated structural level. 

Now, instead, it expects employment will fall by just 50,000 people by 2025.

What does the expert group’s outlook mean for interest rates and government spending? 

Denmark’s finance minister Nikolai Wammen came in for some gentle criticism, with the experts judging that “the 2023 Finance Act, which was adopted in May, should have been tighter”.  The current government’s fiscal policy, it concludes “has not contributed to countering domestic inflationary pressures”. 

The experts expect inflation to stay above 2 percent in 2023 and 2024 and not to fall below 2 percent until 2025. 

If the government decides to follow the council’s advice, the budget in 2024 will have to be at least as tight, if not tighter than that of 2023. 

“Fiscal policy in 2024 should not contribute to increasing demand pressure, rather the opposite,” they write. 

The council also questioned the evidence justifying abolishing the Great Prayer Day holiday, which Denmark’s government has claimed will permanently increase the labour supply by 8,500 full time workers. 

“The council assumes that the abolition of Great Prayer Day will have a short-term positive effect on the labour supply, while there is no evidence of a long-term effect.” 

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