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FINANCE

Euro slides after German trading crackdown

Germany clamped down on speculative trading, introducing new rules Wednesday in a bid to ease the market volatility it says threatens the eurozone economies.

Euro slides after German trading crackdown
Photo: DPA

Germany’s securities market regulator Bafin banned naked short sales of certain securities, in particular the government bonds of the 16 countries that use the euro, from midnight Tuesday (2200 GMT).

But the euro continued to fall on the world’s currency markets, with some traders saying the German move had accelerated the trend.

Naked short selling is when an investor sells a security they do not own and have not yet borrowed, hoping to be able to buy it later in the day at a lower price, thereby earning a profit.

“The extraordinary volatility of the bonds of eurozone states” justified the ban on short selling said a statement from Bafin.

Given current market conditions, “new excessive price variations could harm many on the financial markets and threaten the stability of the whole financial system,” said the statement.

In addition to eurozone government bonds, the ban also applies to certain credit default swaps and on the shares of 10 financial institutions, and will be in force until March 31 next year.

Short selling has been repeatedly implicated in quick drops in markets, and its use has been limited or banned during the financial crisis on major exchanges.

The euro however, kept falling.

In New York, it fell further against the dollar Tuesday, fetching $1.2206 at 2100 GMT after sinking to $1.2162, its lowest level since April 17, 2006 in New York trading.

And in Tokyo Wednesday, it was changing hands at 1.2144 dollars in early trade, a new four-low against the dollar.

“Reports on restrictions on the financial markets always work as the negative factor to the relevant currency,” said Daisuke Karakama, senior market economist at Mizuho Corporate Bank, echoing comments from US traders.

Greek officials say speculative trading played a major part in provoking their debt crisis.

Athens was eventually forced to accept a €110-billion bailout from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund earlier this month.

When that failed to calm investors’ fears that the Greek crisis could spread to other heavily indebted eurozone members, the EU and IMF were forced to put together a €750-billion fund.

In Brussels meanwhile, EU finance ministers on Tuesday moved towards tighter curbs on the trillion-dollar hedge fund industry, widely blamed for speculative financial attacks, in particular on currencies.

They agreed on talks with the European parliament to standardise hedge fund regulation across the 27-nation bloc, despite opposition from Britain, which hosts 80 percent of Europe’s share of the lucrative industry.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Tuesday that she would also push for an international tax on financial markets during next month’s summit of leaders of the G20 group of leading developed and emerging economies.

European Commission chief Jose Manuel Barroso last week urged G20 leaders to back an international tax on financial institutions at the G20 summit on June 26 and 27 in Toronto.

In April, G20 finance ministers asked the IMF to look at taxing big banks to help cut risk and pay for any future financial failures.

But while Washington and Europe back the financial sector tax, Canada has led the opposition: its banks largely steered clear of crisis thanks to prudent risk taking.

IMF experts say the taxes must be coherent among all G20 members to prevent banks from avoiding them by moving operations to countries where the levies were not applied.

There was little comfort meanwhile from leading economist Nouriel Roubini, one of the few experts to predict the financial crisis.

“What’s happening in Greece is just the tip of an iceberg of a broader range of sovereign debt issues, of deficit, in many advanced economies,” he warned Tuesday.

The new crisis could occur “not just in the eurozone but UK, US, or Japan,” he said in a speech at the London School of Economics.

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BREXIT

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

The EU has drawn up plans to make it easier for non-EU citizens to gain longterm EU residency so they can move more easily around the bloc, but Italy-based citizens' rights campaigner Clarissa Killwick says Brits who moved to the EU before Brexit are already losing out.

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

With all the talk about the EU long-term residency permit and the proposed improvements there is no mention that UK citizens who are Withdrawal Agreement “beneficiaries” are currently being left out in the cold.

The European Commission has stated that we can hold multiple statuses including the EU long-term permit (Under a little-known EU law, third-country nationals can in theory acquire EU-wide long-term resident status if they have lived ‘legally’ in an EU country for at least five years) but in reality it is just not happening.

This effectively leaves Brits locked into their host countries while other third country nationals can enjoy some mobility rights. As yet, in Italy, it is literally a question of the computer saying no if someone tries to apply.

The lack of access to the EU long-term permit to pre-Brexit Brits is an EU-wide issue and has been flagged up to the European Commission but progress is very slow.

READ ALSO: EU government settle on rules for how non-EU citizens could move around Europe

My guess is that few UK nationals who already have permanent residency status under the Withdrawal Agreement are even aware of the extra mobility rights they could have with the EU long-term residency permit – or do not even realise they are two different things.

Perhaps there won’t be very large numbers clamouring for it but it is nothing short of discrimination not to make it accessible to British people who’ve built their lives in the EU.

They may have lost their status as EU citizens but nothing has changed concerning the contributions they make, both economically and socially.

An example of how Withdrawal Agreement Brits in Italy are losing out

My son, who has lived almost his whole life here, wanted to study in the Netherlands to improve his employment prospects.

Dutch universities grant home fees rather than international fees to holders of an EU long-term permit. The difference in fees for a Master’s, for example, is an eye-watering €18,000. He went through the application process, collecting the requisite documents, making the payments and waited many months for an appointment at the “questura”, (local immigration office).

On the day, it took some persuading before they agreed he should be able to apply but then the whole thing was stymied because the national computer system would not accept a UK national. I am in no doubt, incidentally, that had he been successful he would have had to hand in his WA  “carta di soggiorno”.

This was back in February 2022 and nothing has budged since then. In the meantime, it is a question of pay up or give up for any students in the same boat as my son. There is, in fact, a very high take up of the EU long-term permit in Italy so my son’s non-EU contemporaries do not face this barrier.

Long-term permit: The EU’s plan to make freedom of movement easier for non- EU nationals 

Completing his studies was stalled by a year until finally his Italian citizenship came through after waiting over 5 years.  I also meet working adults in Italy with the EU long-term permit who use it for work purposes, such as in Belgium and Germany, and for family reunification.  

Withdrawal agreement card should double up as EU long-term residency permit

A statement that Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries should be able to hold multiple statuses is not that easy to find. You have to scroll quite far down the page on the European Commission’s website to find a link to an explanatory document. It has been languishing there since March 2022 but so far not proved very useful.

It has been pointed out to the Commission that the document needs to be multilingual not just in English and “branded” as an official communication from the Commission so it can be used as a stand-alone. But having an official document you can wave at the immigration authorities is going to get you nowhere if Member State governments haven’t acknowledged that WA beneficiaries can hold multiple statuses and issue clear guidance and make sure systems are modified accordingly.

I can appreciate this is no mean feat in countries where they do not usually allow multiple statuses or, even if they do, issue more than one residency card. Of course, other statuses we should be able to hold are not confined to EU long-term residency, they should include the EU Blue Card, dual nationality, family member of an EU citizen…

Personally, I do think people should be up in arms about this. The UK and EU negotiated an agreement which not only removed our freedom of movement as EU citizens, it also failed to automatically give us equal mobility rights to other third country nationals. We are now neither one thing nor the other.

It would seem the only favour the Withdrawal Agreement did us was we didn’t have to go out and come back in again! Brits who follow us, fortunate enough to get a visa, may well pip us at the post being able to apply for EU long-term residency as clearly defined non-EU citizens.

I have been bringing this issue to the attention of the embassy in Rome, FCDO and the European Commission for three years now. I hope we will see some movement soon.

Finally, there should be no dragging of heels assuming we will all take citizenship of our host countries. Actually, we shouldn’t have to, my son was fortunate, even though it took a long time. Others may not meet the requirements or wish to give up their UK citizenship in countries which do not permit dual nationality.  

Bureaucratic challenges may seem almost insurmountable but why not simply allow our Withdrawal Agreement permanent card to double up as the EU long-term residency permit.

Clarissa Killwick,

Since 2016, Clarissa has been a citizens’ rights campaigner and advocate with the pan-European group, Brexpats – Hear Our Voice.
She is co-founder and co-admin of the FB group in Italy, Beyond Brexit – UK citizens in Italy.

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