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JEWS

Man jailed for Malmö Davis Cup riot

A 23-year-old man from Stockholm has been sentenced to six months imprisonment for rioting in connection with a Davis Cup match between Sweden and Israel in Malmö last spring.

The Court of Appeal on Thursday overturned a district court decision to acquit the man on the grounds that his identity could not be convincingly established from film footage of the angry demonstrations which attracted 6,000 people onto Malmö’s streets.

The Davis Cup match was held behind closed doors after a controversial decision by Malmö city council following a vocal campaign against the match due to the situation in Gaza at the time.

Police had said that despite the risk of protests the match, held in March at the Baltiska Hallen venue, could go ahead in front of an audience, but the council decided to ban spectators on safety grounds.

The Local reported at the time that prominent members of Malmö’s Jewish community believed that the vote to ban spectators, passed with the support of the Social Democrat and Left parties, was politically motivated.

“The decision is a capitulation to violence and the mob, but it is in line with the malignant atmosphere for Israel and Jews in Malmö,” said community member Barbro Posner at the time.

Recent media reports have indicated that the situation for the Jewish community has become increasingly hazardous in Malmö over the past year with an escalation of attacks on synagogues and an increasing number of Jews are deciding to leave the city as a result.

Ilmar Reepalu, Malmö’s Social Democratic mayor of the last 15 years, has recently found himself at the heart of the controversy amid accusations that he has demonstrated ignorance of the problems faced by Malmö’s Jewish community.

In an interview with UK newspaper The Sunday Telegraph last week Reepalu appeared to deny that there was a problem.

“There haven’t been any attacks on Jewish people, and if Jews from the city want to move to Israel that is not a matter for Malmö,” Reepalu told the newspaper.

But writing in Swedish daily Svenska Dagladet on Thursday, Reepalu claimed that his comments have been taken out of context and that he in fact has said that Malmö is no different from other European cities where anti-Semitism experienced a distinct upswing during 2009.

“I believe these are anti-Israel attacks, connected to the war in Gaza,” Reepalu told the newspaper while underlining that he was opposed to anti-Semitism of all kinds and arguing that the focus on him personally was beginning to feel like an organized conspiracy.

The Local reported in January that police reports of incidents involving attacks on Jews in the southern Swedish city had doubled in 2009, from the previous year.

There are currently an estimated 3,000 Jews living in the south of Sweden, with most residing in Malmö, Helsingborg, and Lund.

About 700 currently belong to the Jewish Community of Malmö, but the group confirmed to The Local that its membership rolls have been dropping steadily in recent years.

SHOOTINGS

US criminologist lauds Malmö for anti-gang success

The US criminologist behind the anti-gang strategy designed to reduce the number of shootings and explosions in Malmö has credited the city and its police for the "utterly pragmatic, very professional, very focused" way they have put his ideas into practice.

US criminologist lauds Malmö for anti-gang success
Johan Nilsson/TT

In an online seminar with Malmö mayor Katrin Stjernfeldt Jammeh, David Kennedy, a professor at New York’s John Jay College of Criminal Justice, said implementing his Group Violence Intervention (GVI) strategy had gone extremely smoothly in the city.

“What really stands out about the Malmö experience is contrary to most of the places we work,” he said. “They made their own assessment of their situation on the ground, they looked at the intervention logic, they decided it made sense, and then, in a very rapid, focused and business-like fashion, they figured out how to do the work.”

He said that this contrasted with police and other authorities in most cities who attempt to implement the strategy, who tend to end up “dragging their feet”, “having huge amounts of political infighting”, and coming up with reasons why their city is too different from other cities where the strategy has been a success.

Malmö’s Sluta Skjut (Stop Shooting) pilot scheme was extended to a three-year programme this January, after its launch in 2018 coincided with a reduction in the number of shootings and explosions in the city.

“We think it’s a good medicine for Malmö for breaking the negative trend that we had,” Malmö police chief Stefan Sintéus said, pointing to the fall from 65 shootings in 2017 to 20 in 2020, and in explosions from 62 in 2017 to 17 in 2020.

A graph from Malmö police showing the reduction in the number of shootings from 2017 to 2020. Graph: Malmö Police
A graph from Malmö police showing the reduction in the number of explosions in the city between 2017 and 2020. Graph: Malmö Police

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In their second evaluation of the programme, published last month, Anna-Karin Ivert, Caroline Mellgren, and Karin Svanberg, three criminologists from Malmö University, reported that violent crime had declined significantly since the program came into force, and said that it was possible that the Sluta Skjut program was partly responsible, although it was difficult to judge exactly to what extent. 

The number of shootings had already started to decline before the scheme was launched, and in November 2019, Sweden’s national police launched Operation Rimfrost, a six-month crackdown on gang crime, which saw Malmö police reinforced by officers from across Sweden.

But Kennedy said he had “very little sympathy” for criminologists critical of the police’s decision to launch such a massive operation at the same time as Sluta Skjut, making it near impossible to evaluate the programme.

“Evaluation is there to improve public policy, public policy is not there to provide the basis for for sophisticated evaluation methodology,” he argued.

“When people with jobs to do, feel that they need to do things in the name of public safety, they should follow their professional, legal and moral judgement. Not doing something to save lives, because it’s going to create evaluation issues, I think, is simply privileging social science in a way that it doesn’t deserve.”

US criminologist David Kennedy partaking in the meeting. Photo: Richard Orange

Sluta Skjut has been based around so-called ‘call-ins’, in which known gang members on probation are asked to attend meetings, where law enforcement officials warn them that if shootings and explosions continue, they and the groups around them will be subject to intense focus from police.

At the same time, social workers and other actors in civil society offer help in leaving gang life.

Of the 250-300 young men who have been involved in the project, about 40 have been sent to prison, while 49 have joined Malmö’s ‘defector’ programme, which helps individuals leave gangs.

Kennedy warned not to focus too much on the number of those involved in the scheme who start to work with social services on leaving gang life.

“What we find in in practice is that most of the impact of this approach doesn’t come either because people go to prison or because they take services and leave gang life,” he said.

“Most of the impact comes from people simply putting their guns down and no longer being violent.”

“We think of the options as continuing to be extremely dangerous, or completely turning one’s life around. That’s not realistic in practice. Most of us don’t change that dramatically ever in our lives.”

He stressed the importance of informal social control in his method, reaching those who gang members love and respect, and encouraging them to put pressure on gang members to abstain from gun violence.

“We all care more about our mothers than we care about the police, and it turns out that if you can find the guy that this very high risk, very dangerous person respects – literally, you know, little old ladies will go up to him and get his attention and tell him to behave himself. And he will.”

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