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In defence of the eighties generation

Lazy, self-entitled and spoiled. These are just a few of the choice adjectives employed to describe the generation born in the 1980s, the first generation since Hemingway's to be characterised as “lost.” But how accurate is this stereotype and, moreover, are members of the 80s generation really to blame for Sweden's ailing job market, asks The Local's Charlotte Webb.

In defence of the eighties generation
Photos: Charlotte Webb, L. E. MacDonald, dreamglow

It’s times like these I curse the Swedish personal number. Times when, in the seamy glare of a single halogen bulb (you’ll forgive the creative hyperbole), a prospective employer turns to me, assessing me from under the heavily critical arch of a single raised eyebrow. He has just read the first four digits of my personnummer (social security number), four little digits which confirm, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that I do in fact belong to that most notorious of demographics: the 80s generation.

I see the cogs turn. He’s picturing me in bed at one in the afternoon, a cigarette dangling from one side of my mouth, the floor strewn with empty beer bottles, phone to my ear, “Can’t make it in today, I’m afraid. Terribly ill. Damn swine flu’s about, you know how it is….”

Or worse, swanning through the office, jacked in to an iPod, crooning along with the Black Eyed Peas as I lazily feed crumpled sheets of paper into the copy machine.

Four years. Four lousy years and I would have qualified as a Generation X’er. Part of that broad, non-descript group born between 1964 and 1979, the liberal realists who managed to get by without pissing off the baby boomers, who slotted themselves nicely into the developing job market with their decent work ethic and secular morality.

It’s not that I mind being a child of the 80s, per se. Aside from the traumatic childhood memories of shoulder-padded parental figures and tawdry brown wallpaper, we didn’t get a bad deal really. There was Queen. And Cyndi Lauper. Parents that wanted us to have a better deal than they had, working night shifts on a factory line in East London.

Still, I have to admit to being slightly exasperated by the tired stereotypes floating round in the Swedish media, which seem to have bypassed the stages of critical thought to become unquestioned truisms. Like the assumption that the 80’s generation is “addicted to benefits” and virtually allergic to the average workplace.

Firstly because, for all its lengthy stretch of paid parental leave, government benefits and democratic ideals, the Swedish system provides little to no help for new graduates attempting to negotiate the daunting transition between higher education and working life. In countries like the United States, Britain and Australia, internship and graduate level positions are commonly regarded as a useful win-win strategy for employers to offer on-the-job training in exchange for a cut-price salary.

In Sweden, very few such positions exist, particularly within the areas of public relations, journalism, management and communications, where “five years experience” is the operative phrase.

Speaking from experience, the problem for many members of my generation seems to be that crucial first leap from education to working life. Under the strictures of the current economic climate, it seems the majority of employers in Sweden don’t seem to want to waste their time or resources training new graduates.

And before I go on, I do understand what some readers may be thinking:

“Quit your bellyaching, in my day there was no such thing as the ‘entry level position’ or the ‘careers counsellor’.” And you are, of course, correct. My dad got his first job walking into a tailor’s office in southern England and asking if they had any work.

Try that in a contemporary clothing store and you’ll be met with a request to contact human resources and fill in a form, which (they assure you) will be kept “on file” in case anything should ever “pop up”. I’ve been “on file” with 200-odd companies over the course of the last ten years and am yet to hear a “pop” from any one of them.

My point is that the job market facing the graduates of the last five years is completely incommensurable with that of the 1960s, 70s or even the 80s. Jobs are fewer, competition is fiercer, college graduates are more numerous and fields of employment are more frustratingly specialised than ever before.

Try scanning the job pages of your local rag and you’ll begin to see what I mean. I have no idea what a “process developer with emphasis upon logistics” does, but I’m pretty sure my arts degree won’t cover it.

The fact is that the 80s generation is not as complacent, choosy and self-serving as it is frequently made out to be. I work four days a week and study full time. Many of my closest friends work graveyard shifts at crummy jobs so that they can work gratis during daylight hours in order to attain that invaluable first year of experience in their field.

Like N, with a Masters degree in human resources and management, who currently works as a half-time preschool teacher on a salary that would embarrass a McDonald’s employee. In comparison to many of her Swedish contemporaries, however, she’s living the dream.

So it does get my proverbial panties in a twist to hear certain self-righteous baby boomers like Amelia Adamo whinge to Aftonbladet about how all 80-talister (individuals born in the 80s) are “lazy and spoiled”. I’m not sure which iPhone toting, Tiger-of-Sweden-clad twenty somethings she’s had the misfortune to run up against, lounging about in the local sushi bar at three in the afternoon, but I can assure her that those individuals are in the minority.

Nor do we all fit the opposing stereotype: the media-savvy, entrepreneurial wunderkind, racing through the city with a triple-shot espresso in one hand and a copy of The Economist in the other, engaged in impassioned conversation with a hands-free earpiece.

While I’m very happy for anyone who’s managed to build a successful publishing conglomerate by the age of twenty five, I’m still trying to work out exactly what the ‘Dow Jones’ is.

My point is that attempting to categorise an entire generation by means of two rather unimaginative adjectives is a little short-sighted. The fact is that the hyper-technologised, information-soaked corporate labyrinth that is reality in the noughties is an intimidating place, and I think I speak for many 80-talister when I say we don’t have much more of an insight into its mysterious inner workings than our parents’ generation.

At the end of the day, like every demographic, we have our bad eggs. But please, for the sake of inter-generational understanding, take a breath before you next open your mouth to complain about the number of unemployed twenty-somethings haunting the second-hand bookstore in the middle of the day.

We know. We’re the ones who can’t afford to buy the expensive books.

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FOOD AND DRINK

OPINION: Are tips in Sweden becoming the norm?

Should you tip in Sweden? Habits are changing fast thanks to new technology and a hard-pressed restaurant trade, writes James Savage.

OPINION: Are tips in Sweden becoming the norm?

The Local’s guide to tipping in Sweden is clear: tip for good service if you want to, but don’t feel the pressure: where servers in the US, for instance, rely on tips to live, waiters in Sweden have collectively bargained salaries with long vacations and generous benefits. 

But there are signs that this is changing, and the change is being accelerated by card machines. Now, many machines offer three preset gratuity percentages, usually starting with five percent and going up to fifteen or twenty. Previously they just asked the customer to fill in the total amount they wanted to pay.

This subtle change to a user interface sends a not-so-subtle message to customers: that tipping is expected and that most people are probably doing it. The button for not tipping is either a large-lettered ‘No Tip’ or a more subtle ‘Fortsätt’ or ‘Continue’ (it turns out you can continue without selecting a tip amount, but it’s not immediately clear to the user). 

I’ll confess, when I was first presented with this I was mildly irked: I usually tip if I’ve had table service, but waiting staff are treated as professionals and paid properly, guaranteed by deals with unions; menu prices are correspondingly high. The tip was a genuine token of appreciation.

But when I tweeted something to this effect (a tweet that went strangely viral), the responses I got made me think. Many people pointed out that the restaurant trade in Sweden is under enormous pressure, with rising costs, the after-effects of Covid and difficulties recruiting. And as Sweden has become more cosmopolitain, adding ten percent to the bill comes naturally to many.

Boulebar, a restaurant and bar chain with branches around Sweden and Denmark, had a longstanding policy of not accepting tips at all, reasoning that they were outdated and put diners in an uncomfortable position. But in 2021 CEO Henrik Kruse decided to change tack:

“It was a purely financial decision. We were under pressure due to Covid, and we had to keep wages down, so bringing back tips was the solution,” he said, adding that he has a collective agreement and staff also get a union bargained salary, before tips.

Yet for Kruse the new machines, with their pre-set tipping percentages, take things too far:

“We don’t use it, because it makes it even clearer that you’re asking for money. The guest should feel free not to tip. It’s more important for us that the guest feels free to tell people they’re satisfied.”

But for those restaurants that have adopted the new interfaces, the effect has been dramatic. Card processing company Kassacentralen, which was one of the first to launch this feature in Sweden, told Svenska Dagbladet this week that the feature had led to tips for the average establishment doubling, with some places seeing them rise six-fold.

Even unions are relaxed about tipping these days, perhaps understanding that they’re a significant extra income for their members. Union representatives have often in the past spoken out against tipping, arguing that the practice is demeaning to staff and that tips were spread unevenly, with staff in cafés or fast food joints getting nothing at all. But when I called the Swedish Hotel and Restaurant Union (HRF), a spokesman said that the union had no view on the practice, and it was a matter for staff, business owners and customers to decide.

So is tipping now expected in Sweden? The old advice probably still stands; waiters are still not as reliant on tips as staff in many other countries, so a lavish tip is not necessary. But as Swedes start to tip more generously, you might stick out if you leave nothing at all.

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