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PROPERTY

Swedish property market at ten-year low

The Swedish commercial property market has ground to a halt with completed deals continuing to decline. The private residential market has returned to normal however.

Turnover in the Swedish property market amounted to 9.2 billion kronor ($1.25 billion) in the first half of 2009 – the lowest level for ten years. This equates to an 80 percent decline on the corresponding period for 2008, according to a report from property consultancy Newsec.

“The enormous fall is mainly a result of difficulties to secure loans on reasonable conditions,” Marie Bucht at Newsec explained.

“It is also harder for buyers and sellers to agree a price in a falling market,” she said.

This is a picture that was reflected in sales of private residential properties as the brutal reality of recession dawned on the market last autumn, Claudia Wörmann, at property market statistics firm Mäklarstatistik, told The Local on Wednesday.

“In October or November when the scale of the problems became known, the market dried up. There was a massive gulf between the expectations of buyers and sellers,” Wörmann explained.

“But since the latest round of interest rate cuts the market has more or less returned to normal with buyers and sellers operating on the same playing field in terms of expectations.”

While credit problems continue to afflict the commercial property market, an exodus by foreign investors has accentuated the fall.

Swedish investors, with greater knowledge of local markets, were those most active in the first half of the year with residential properties attracting the most interest.

“We currently have 50 parties interested in buying residential properties in regional cities. It is a completely new situation and shows that there are buyers for the right objects,” Marie Bucht said.

While commercial rents in Stockholm and other major cities continue to decline – down 10-15 percent in central areas of the capital in the first half of 2009, prices of houses and apartments have remained broadly unchanged while showing some regional variations.

Apartment prices in fact increased by 4 percent in central Stockholm in July to 51,251 kronor per square metre. In central Gothenburg prices climbed 3 percent, while in central Malmö prices dropped 5 percent.

“An explanation of the small changes in price is that people who have been made redundant or in some way are affected by the recession are not the same people we see at property showings today,” Claudia Wörmann said.

Wörmann underlines that the statistics are for a month, and for a traditionally slow July. Over the past quarter prices have climbed in all major Swedish cities and in Stockholm prices are back at where they were in July 2008.

“The development in central Stockholm usually serves as guidance for the rest of the country.”

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PROPERTY

INTERVIEW: ‘Most foreigners in Sweden don’t know they can get back excess rent’

In Sweden, people subletting apartments are not allowed to charge more in rent than they themselves pay. But foreign subtenants don't always know this. We asked Roland Sjölin, lawyer at the Swedish Tenants' Association, about how to get back excess rent.

INTERVIEW: 'Most foreigners in Sweden don't know they can get back excess rent'

More and more of the people asking the Swedish Tenants’ Association, Hyresgästföreningen in Swedish, for help with excess rent are foreigners, Sjölin told The Local in an interview.

“The problem is that if you’re coming from another country, and you’re subletting an apartment, you’re probably not familiar with the rules in Sweden, because in other countries, it might be okay to overcharge your tenants.” 

He said that clients from India in particular seeking help from the association were now “very common”. 

“Many people come here to work as engineers in the IT sector and then have to rent somewhere,” he said, adding that as a group Indians appeared to be “very aware of their rights.”

Sweden’s rental sector is heavily regulated, with first hand contracts negotiated between landlords and the Tenants’ Association, and the rent that can be charged for second-hand contracts limited to only a small fraction above what the first-hand renter pays. 

“You’re not allowed to make any profit subletting an apartment in Sweden,” Sjölin explains. “You can only charge the subletting tenant the same rent as you [the first-hand tenant] are paying to your landlord, and then you can add the costs for internet and electricity, and perhaps a parking lot, if that is included.” 

Tenants’ Association lawyer Roland Sjölin. Photo: supplied.

You can also add a påslag or “markup”, if you are renting out the apartment fully furnished, but this cannot exceed more than 15 percent of the rent. 

That doesn’t mean that most landlords follow the law. The competition for rental apartments, especially in Stockholm, is so intense, that unscrupulous sublet landlords often try to get away with charging well over the legal amount, charging what is known in Sweden as ockerhyra, or “excess rent” and hoping that their tenants are too desperate to complain.  

What many foreigners do not realise is that even after the rental period is over, they can still get back any excess rent they have paid by applying to the Rental Board or Hyresnämnden, which functions like a court judging rental disputes. 

“If you have the evidence then it’s fairly easy,” Sjölin said. “I get a new case every second week on repayment of unfair rent, and I think that I win most of them.” 

“Nowadays, you can get paid back excess rent up to 24 months back in time, so people tend to get more money,” he added. “In some cases, they can get 200,000 kronor. In other cases, perhaps it’s only 30,000 kronor or 60,000 kronor. It depends on how long you have rented the apartment, and how excessive the rent you’ve been paying has been.”

The first step is to establish what would have been a fair rent, either by asking your landlord what they themselves pay directly or by checking with the Tenants’ Association.

“Because we negotiate most rents in Sweden, we normally know what the firsthand rent is,” Sjölin explained.

Then you need to collect together your evidence.

“It’s a good thing to have a written contract and also papers from your bank showing that you paid rent every month, and perhaps photographs of the apartment, so the rental board can get an idea of the apartment you were renting and what would be a fair rent, and also the termination for the contract so you can show the court how long you’ve been living in the apartment.” 

But Sjölin underlined that since Sweden has free burden of evidence, none of this is essential. 

“Even if you’ve been paying in cash, if you have witnesses who can testify what you were paying each month, you still have a chance of getting your money back. It’s a bit more tricky, but I’ve won two cases like that this year.” 

People in Sweden, he explained, tend to wait until the rental period is over before seeking to get paid back excess rent rather than challenging their landlord while they are still living in the apartment. 

“You don’t have any legal protection for your home for the first two years, so if you bring the matter up with the person you’re renting the apartment from you risk losing your contract and having to move out, so most people wait until they’re supposed to move anyway,” he said.

If you apply to the rental board for a refund close to the day you move out, you can then make your landlord pay back all excess rent paid in the 24 months leading up to the date you contacted the rental board.

If you are a member of the Tenants’ Association, you can contact them and ask for help with your application, but there are also specialist companies, like Orimlig Hyra AB who will buy your case off you and give you a refund within 48 hours, saving you a long wait in exchange for a cut of the money reclaimed. 

Sjölin said that the rental board normally took about 8 months to come to a judgement, but that if the person with the first hand contract appeals, that could extend the waiting time by between six months and a year.

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