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ANGELA MERKEL

Merkel doesn’t speak Icelandic

With Chancellor Angela Merkel telling the nation 2009 is likely to be a hard year for Germany, Roger Boyes, Berlin correspondent for British daily The Times, tries to put the tough times in perspective.

Merkel doesn't speak Icelandic
Photo: DPA

Throughout my childhood in Britain one of the rituals of Christmas was to watch the Queen on television. In those days, she seemed like an alien from another planet using stilted English, strangulated vowels, and talking about nothing in particular.

Then the Queen was re-branded and she started to talk about her family and talk a little less like ET the extraterrestrial from the Steven Spielberg film. But there was rarely, if ever, a note of pessimism. Sitting on your sofa, your stomach swollen from lumpy Christmas pudding, the last thing you want to hear is bad news.

Angela Merkel, who has recently removed herself from politics as thoroughly as the Queen, could learn a thing or two. Her YouTube video Christmas message – use the holidays to gather strength for the bad times to come – is pretty scary. “Be afraid,” she seems to be saying, “be very afraid.” As if the Germans need to be told to be fearful. Merkel could have been gentler and – for this surely is the task of the political class – put the crisis in perspective.

Now I don’t want to play down the troubles that are heading our way. It is particularly difficult to lose your job at the outset of a recession since it will almost certainly take a year to get back into the labour market. The anxiety about job losses is being exploited by employers to push down wages. This applies not only to people working at Daimler or Opel but also to freelance journalists.

Colleagues say it has never been so hard to sell an article (far harder than selling a car) and that real payment rates have slipped back to 1990 levels. It has become a permanent struggle to ensure payment within a month or two after publication. The collapse of trust in the banks has started to affect all commercial relationships, to poison our language (for me Zwangsurlaub, or forced vacation, is the word of the year) and the way we look at the world.

But it is possible to keep fear of what may come (another beautiful German word is Zukunftsangst) under control. It seems to me that is what the Germans find so difficult – the ability to set themselves psychological boundaries. After all what we are witnessing at the moment is not a breakdown in the German way of life. My neighbours still gossip; the birth of a child is still celebrated; there is food on most tables.

All that is happening is an astonishingly fast contraction of the economy. We just have to learn to adapt with similar speed. The effects of a recession are not all negative. For the first time I have received a long Christmas letter from the Dresdner Bank thanking me in language that bordered on pathos for not moving my fortune elsewhere. Last time I checked I had €464 in the account. Still, some humility from the banks is good. Everybody has to try harder to keep customers.

This New Year’s I shall be spending with friends in Iceland – like Berlin it is a lonely island threatened with bankruptcy. Surely, Iceland has a reason to complain about the cruelty of global capitalism. They have been ruined by the recklessness of their banks. Once they were the happiest nation in the world, now they are one of the most indebted. They even had to negotiate a special loan with China to supply the fireworks for New Year’s Eve.

Icelanders once proud of their independence have to shake the begging bowl, like homeless newspaper sellers outside the supermarket. So, of course, what is happening is a retreat to tradition, to family (partly out of pragmatism – it is difficult to sack a pregnant woman), to friendship.

That is how Icelanders are coping with a far worse situation than that experienced by the Germans. In a recession, the first priority is to guard ones dignity; your self-worth should not be debased by the vagaries of the market.

Angela Merkel is a pastor’s daughter – she should understand the importance of putting this crisis into a moral context. Instead, she is emerging as a hesitant figure overwhelmed by the fury of events, and eaten away by self-doubt.

The year 2009 will not bring the apocalypse. It will simply be difficult, but out of its complexities, we can learn again what we seem to have forgotten: respect, decency, an aversion to greed. That’s what I wanted to hear from the chancellor on her holiday YouTube video.

A happy new year? Yes, happy new year to you all.

For more Roger Boyes, check out his website here.

For members

ECONOMY

How is Denmark’s economy handling inflation and rate rises?

Denmark's economy is now expected to avoid a recession in the coming years, with fewer people losing their jobs than expected, despite high levels of inflation and rising interest rates, The Danish Economic Council has said in a new report.

How is Denmark's economy handling inflation and rate rises?

The council, led by four university economics professors commonly referred to as “the wise men” or vismænd in Denmark, gave a much rosier picture of Denmark’s economy in its spring report, published on Tuesday, than it did in its autumn report last year. 

“We, like many others, are surprised by how employment continues to rise despite inflation and higher interest rates,” the chair or ‘chief wise man’,  Carl-Johan Dalgaard, said in a press release.

“A significant drop in energy prices and a very positive development in exports mean that things have gone better than feared, and as it looks now, the slowdown will therefore be more subdued than we estimated in the autumn.”

In the English summary of its report, the council noted that in the autumn, market expectations were that energy prices would remain at a high level, with “a real concern for energy supply shortages in the winter of 2022/23”.

That the slowdown has been more subdued, it continued was largely due to a significant drop in energy prices compared to the levels seen in late summer 2022, and compared to the market expectations for 2023.  

The council now expects Denmark’s GDP growth to slow to 1 percent in 2023 rather than for the economy to shrink by 0.2 percent, as it predicted in the autumn. 

In 2024, it expects the growth rate to remain the same as in 2003, with another year of 1 percent GDP growth. In its autumn report it expected weaker growth of 0.6 percent in 2024.

What is the outlook for employment? 

In the autumn, the expert group estimated that employment in Denmark would decrease by 100,000 people towards the end of the 2023, with employment in 2024  about 1 percent below the estimated structural level. 

Now, instead, it expects employment will fall by just 50,000 people by 2025.

What does the expert group’s outlook mean for interest rates and government spending? 

Denmark’s finance minister Nikolai Wammen came in for some gentle criticism, with the experts judging that “the 2023 Finance Act, which was adopted in May, should have been tighter”.  The current government’s fiscal policy, it concludes “has not contributed to countering domestic inflationary pressures”. 

The experts expect inflation to stay above 2 percent in 2023 and 2024 and not to fall below 2 percent until 2025. 

If the government decides to follow the council’s advice, the budget in 2024 will have to be at least as tight, if not tighter than that of 2023. 

“Fiscal policy in 2024 should not contribute to increasing demand pressure, rather the opposite,” they write. 

The council also questioned the evidence justifying abolishing the Great Prayer Day holiday, which Denmark’s government has claimed will permanently increase the labour supply by 8,500 full time workers. 

“The council assumes that the abolition of Great Prayer Day will have a short-term positive effect on the labour supply, while there is no evidence of a long-term effect.” 

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