SHARE
COPY LINK

INTEGRATION

Stockholm Syndrome: Ambition impossible?

It seemed as though it was just going to be me and Rositza, my teacher, at our Swedish class this week. I'm all for a bit of individual tuition but Rositza seems to take it rather personally when people don't show.

She gave me a handout to peruse while we waited for the others. It was a selection of job advertisements from the week’s papers. I sensed trouble.

Like housing, country of origin, occupation in country of origin, reason for being in Sweden, religion and America, a person’s job is a sensitive subject in our Svenska för invandrare class. Indeed, anything which doesn’t relate to supermarkets or children is more or less a conversational no-go area.

But I sympathise with the powers that be at SFI. As far as integration issues go, getting a job is the biggy. And you won’t get very far if you don’t know the Swedish for application, interview or deadline. (Although everyone seems to be familiar with we had many excellent applicants who met our criteria and you weren’t one of them.)

So it has to be covered, but what sort of imaginary jobs should the students practise on? Lawyers, marketing directors and chief accountants? Senior analysts, doctors and sales managers?

That might have been nice and motivational. But Swedes are nothing if not pragmatic and instead I found myself browsing through ads for a shop assistant, a dental secretary, a waiter or waitress and a hotel receptionist.

Most of my classmates had arrived by now, trooping in like Arctic explorers. Their faces slowly thawed into sneers as they saw the evening’s subject matter.

Vadå, dental secretary?” said Arri, who, as I have mentioned before, intends to become a dentist.

Arri is proud and appeared to be willing to quit the class altogether rather than roleplay applying for a dental secretary’s job.

Being an immigrant herself, Rositza understood the subtle paradox at work: while many of those in the class would leap at one of these jobs, they aspire to much more.

Arturo is a good example. For all I know he could have been a government minister in his native Chile. Here, he cleans offices. But he doesn’t describe himself as a cleaner – he calls himself a businessman.

He has big ideas. At the moment he and his wife clean a couple of offices in central Stockholm each morning between 5am and 9am. But he has plans for more customers, more staff, a fleet of vans – it’s just a matter of time and hard work. But the ambition is there.

Last year, Niklas Zennström, the Swedish founder of the internet telephony company Skype, put a pretty vertical wind up his countrymen by saying that they are lazy.

He observed that “people don’t work very hard in Sweden – they go home at five, and take the whole summer off work”.

The first time I heard the same accusation made was a few years ago at a business meeting in Gothenburg, long before I moved to Sweden. It was all very embarrassing. My English boss castigated our Swedish partners (dot com, blah blah blah) for their lack of ambition. No commitment, he said, no desire.

I must point out that this was a man whose own ambition didn’t just border on hubris – it marched right in, surrounded its parliament and rewrote its constitution.

He declared with messianic fervour that the project we were cooperating on would be bigger than the Red Army within two years.

Our gentle Swedish hosts looked at him as if he was a few herrings short of a smörgåsbord and, as it later turned out, they weren’t far off the mark.

“So much for blonde ambition!” he muttered repeatedly, as the project was scaled back to something more achievable.

On the surface, Mr Zennström and my former boss may have had a point – Swedes can come across as lacking a little oomph on the job. And in conversations with Swedish friends, it has become clear that wearing your ambition on your sleeve is considered rather vulgar.

If you happen to be afflicted with ambition, you don’t talk about it. Take an Alvedon – it’ll pass.

Actually, two things blunt ambition: age and comfort.

Since most Swedes are tickling the toes of thirty by the time they finish university and start work, maybe the careerist mentality has already started to be replaced by thoughts of family.

And what with Sweden being perhaps the world’s most comfortable country it’s hardly surprising that there are fewer people starting their own businesses here than anywhere else.

Of course, there are plenty of Swedes who are more driven than a vintage Volvo. No Englishman could criticise Sweden’s determination to succeed in sports, for example, and in many areas of business, science and the arts Sweden has churned out more individual successes than its small population merits.

But to think of ambition purely in terms of get-rich-or-die-trying is to discredit Swedes. Swedes are ambitious, but their ambition usually isn’t financial. We all know about the American Dream, but Swedes’ determination to succeed is measured not in dollars but in red cottages, lakes and the number of days spent with the kids.

That’s the Swedish Dream, that’s blonde ambition.

Mr Zennström was referring to economic ambition, and his serious point was that without it, Sweden would suffer in the big, bad, competitive world. He shouldn’t worry, though – Arri and Arturo have other ideas.

Discuss this topic!

Send this article to a friend »

IMMIGRATION

How well have refugees integrated in Germany since 2015?

Five years after Chancellor Angela Merkel controversially opened Germany's doors to hundreds of thousands of migrants, studies show the newcomers have integrated relatively well, but room for progress remains.

How well have refugees integrated in Germany since 2015?
Famous archive photo shows Merkel posing for a selfie with a refugee in September 2015. Photo: DPA

Jobs

Around half of the nearly 900,000 asylum seekers who arrived in Germany in 2015, many from conflict-torn Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq, now have a job, according to Germany's Institute for Employment Research (IAB).

Migrants have been “rather successful” in finding employment in Europe's top economy, said IAB's migration expert Herbert Brücker.

READ ALSO: Five years on: How well did Germany handle the refugee crisis?

Many are working in hospitality, the security services, cleaning services and retirement homes, plugging gaps in Germany's labour market.

The pandemic has, however, slammed the brakes on the positive trend, Brücker said, with many working in sectors hardest-hit by virus restrictions and vulnerable to lay-offs.

A separate study by the DIW economic institute also concluded that the integration of Germany's newcomers was on the right track.

But it said more needed to be done to help find work for migrants with low education levels and for female migrants, who often have young children to look after.

READ ALSO: Integration in Germany: Half of refugees 'find jobs within five years'

Far-right anger

The influx of more than a million mainly Muslim asylum seekers in 2015-2016 deeply polarised Germany.

While some engaged in “welcome culture” and volunteered to help refugees, others railed against Merkel's liberal asylum policy.

READ ALSO: Merkel 'would do the same again' five years after Germany's refugee influx

Anger over a series of high-profile crimes committed by migrants helped fuel the rise of the far-right, anti-Islam Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, which in 2017 won its first seats in the national parliament.

The AfD's approval ratings have declined in recent months as the pandemic pushes the refugee debate into the background.

“Germans are generally less worried about immigration now, but migrants' concerns about racism have increased,” the DIW report found, noting that migrants tend to have little faith in law enforcement.

Language skills

For many migrants, learning German is the fastest road to acceptance into German society.

Just one percent of the refugees had good or very good knowledge of German upon arrival,” said the IAB's Brücker.

Today around half of them speak German relatively fluently while another one third speak the language “at a medium level”.

Brücker said it was important to ensure that coronavirus restrictions didn't hamper migrants' access to language classes and educational courses, because they are crucial to integration efforts.

Demographic shift

Looking ahead, Brücker said migrants would play an increasingly important role in Germany's economy as they help make up for a rapidly ageing population.

“We are in the middle of a demographic shift,” he said. Last year alone, the number of people of working age in Germany shrank by 340,000 year-on-year.

“This trend will increase once the 'baby boomers' start retiring,” Brücker said.

Given Germany's low birth rate, the only way to make up for the shortfall is through immigration, he added.

SHOW COMMENTS